Title page 1

Contents 6

Disclaimers 3

Abstract 4

Acknowledgements 5

1. Introduction 8

2. Design and measurement of non-compete regulatory regimes 10

2.1. Design of non-compete regulatory regimes 11

2.2. Previous work 11

3. The OECD non-compete index 13

3.1. The index structure and the key dimensions 13

3.2. Scoring and weighting 17

3.3. Overview of country scores 19

3.4. Main takeaways and limitations 27

4. The regulation of other post-employment restrictive covenants 29

5. Concluding remarks 33

References 35

Annex A. Country scoring 37

Australia 37

Austria 37

Belgium 38

Canada (excluding Ontario) 38

Canada - Ontario 39

Chile 39

Colombia 40

Costa Rica 40

Czechia 40

Denmark 41

Estonia 41

Finland 41

France 42

Germany 42

Greece 43

Hungary 43

Iceland 43

Ireland 44

Israel 44

Italy 45

Japan 45

Korea 45

Latvia 46

Lithuania 46

Luxembourg 46

Mexico 47

Netherlands 47

New Zealand 48

Norway 48

Poland 48

Portugal 49

Slovak Republic 49

Slovenia 50

Spain 50

Sweden 51

Switzerland 51

Türkiye 52

United Kingdom 52

United States - California 52

United States - Florida 53

United States - Indiana 53

Annex B. Additional figures 55

Table 1. The structure of the OECD non-compete index 14

Table 2. Scoring criteria and weights 17

Table 3. Heatmap showing breakdown of OECD index scores 21

Table 4. The regulation of other post-employment restrictive covenants in OECD countries 30

Figure 1. Two perspectives on non-compete clauses 10

Figure 2. OECD index scores (0-700) 19

Figure B.1. Scoring using the dimensions and weights of the original Bishara index 55

Figure B.2. OECD index unweighted 56