Acknowledgements 4

Key insights 7

Executive summary 9

1 Introduction 11

2 Environment-related TFIs: Scope, interpretation and caveats 12

3 From lifecycle-related border challenges to env-TFIs measures 17

  Mapping lifecycle-related border challenges 17

  Environment-related TFIs measures 23

4 Trade facilitation efforts across the product lifecycle: Stylised patterns from the env-TFIs 26

  Stylised patterns for the production segment 31

  Stylised patterns for the use segment 32

  Stylised patterns for the end-of-life segment 33

5 Conclusions and implications 36

Annex A. A product’s environmental lifecycle 37

Annex B. Classification issues in the context of the end-of-life segment 40

References 43

Notes 45