Foreword 3

Acknowledgements 4

Reader’s guide 8

Executive summary 13

1 The scale, structure and performance of the global ocean economy 15

2 Trends in ocean research and policies for ocean science, technology and innovation 28

3 Food from the ocean: Marine fishing, aquaculture and fish processing 40

4 Energy, minerals and fresh water from the ocean: Offshore energy and marine non-living resources 50

5 Moving goods and people across the ocean: Maritime transport, ports, shipbuilding and equipment manufacturing 61

6 The ocean for recreation and leisure: Marine and coastal tourism 72